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Ukrainians in Paraguay
Ukrainians in Paraguay are an ethnic minority in Paraguay. In the mid-1990s, 5,000 to 8,000 Ukrainians lived in Paraguay, clustered in small communities near the southeastern city of Encarnacion, which borders the Argentine province of Misiones (the heartland of Ukrainian immigration to that country). The majority of Ukrainians in Paraguay work as farmers, cultivating rice, corn, wheat and yerba mate.〔Mykhailo Rubinec and Ann Lencyk Pawliczko. (1994). "Ukrainians in Paraguay." In Ann Lencyk Pawliczko (Ed.) ''Ukraine and Ukrainians Throughout the World.'' Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 455–458. ISBN 0-8020-0595-0〕
==History==
Ukrainians settled in Paraguay much later than they did in neighboring Brazil and Argentina, whose Ukrainian settlements date to the late nineteenth century.〔Serge Cipko and John C. Lehr. (2006). (Ukrainian Settlement in Paraguay. ) ''Prairie Perspectives'', Winnipeg: University of Winnipeg, pp. 31-46Ukrainians who settled in Paraguay arrived from neighboring Argentina in the late 1920s during an economic crisis in that country. These migrants had been originally from the Volhynia region in northwestern Ukraine, and named their settlement ''Nueva Volyn'' or New Volhynia.〔 They were joined, in the late 1930s, by immigrants coming directly from the Polesia, Volhynia, Galicia and Transcarpathia regions of Ukraine.〔 Following World War II, several hundred Ukrainian refugees arrived from displaced-persons camps in Europe as well as from the Ukrainian exile community in China and Manchuria which was forced to flee Communist invasion. The origin of most of the Ukrainian settlers have resulted in Paraguay being one of the few countries in the Ukrainian diaspora outside the former Soviet Union where the majority of people belong to the Orthodox rather than the Catholic Church. The Ukrainian immigrants gave Ukrainian names such as Nova Volyn or Tarasivka to their settlements but were forced to change those names to Spanish-language ones by the Paraguayan government. By the late 1940s there were approximately 10,000 Ukrainians living in Paraguay.,〔 currently there is an estimate of 40000 Ukrainians living in Paraguay, according to the website of the Ukrainian World Congress.
Subsequently, many Ukrainians from Paraguay, particularly the intelligentsia, emigrated to Argentina, Canada or the United States. Those who remained continue to attend Ukrainian Churches but have otherwise largely assimilated into Paraguayan society. Many of them have become prosperous, owning large tracts of land and leasing it to others.〔(Welcome to Ukraine Magazine ) Interview with Vasyl Ilashchuk director of a documentary film about Ukrainians abroad, 2005〕
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